Albino animals have a condition from birth in which they lack melanin pigment that adds color to the skin, eyes, and hair. Along with this condition come health problems and issues other than simply the lack of color. One common risk that animals such as an albino cow or an albino pig encounter is sunburn from overexposure of the sun to sensitive skin.
The pigment
melanin
, which albinos lack and adds color to the hair, skin, and eyes, acts as protection against ultraviolet rays for animals with color that have the pigment. Because these colorless animals do not have this pigment, their skin is more subject to burning in the sun with less exposure to sunlight than animals with color.
Albino pets and wildlife suffer from sunburn effects much the same as humans suffer from sunburn when in the sun for long periods of time. Their sunburned skin is tender, sore, red, dry, and prone to peeling. Severe sunburns in animals may lead to hair loss and solar dermatitis. Long-term exposure to the sun and frequent sunburns can also lead to
skin cancer
. The most prone areas of an animal's body for sunburn include the tops of ears, the top of nose, the inside of the legs, the groin, the abdomen, and the area around the lips.
Free roaming albino wildlife is at higher risk for extreme effects of sunburn leading potentially to death. Unlike with albino pets, people do not have the opportunity of controlling the amount of sun exposure these animals receive. Albino animals held captive in zoos receive monitored sun exposure and are often even lathed with animal sunscreens to
prevent sunburn
. Aloe Vera efficacy has also been seen in the protection of skin from sunburn in albino animals. Aloe Vera lotions, ointments, and even injections are an option for some animals in zoo and wildlife management areas as well as for domesticated pets.
To protect domesticated albino creatures from sunburn, carry out preventative measures. These measures include limiting sun exposure, providing large shaded areas, placing kennels in full shaded areas, keeping fresh water available at all times, and using animal sunscreens. Only allow livestock, such as albino cows and albino pigs to roam outdoors during early morning and evening hours. Keep these animals in a barn or another form of covered shelter during high peak sun hours between 10 am and 4 pm. Ensure that the sunscreen used is specifically designed for animals. Sunscreen for humans may be harmful to pets if digested.
If your albino pet does become sunburned, consult a veterinarian about the appropriate treatments to soothe the animal's skin and make the animal more comfortable. The doctor may prescribe medications for your animal or suggest home treatments and remedies. Always keep in mind that an albino animal is much more sensitive to the sun than other animals. They burn much quicker in less direct sunlight than animals with melanin pigment. Give these animals extra care during summer months.
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